Pearls of the ophthalmic exam

It is undoubtedly important to know how to treat disease but without a diagnosis, treatment is often ineffective or worse.  Fortunately, reaching an ophthalmic diagnosis relies almost completely on performing a thorough ophthalmic examination, which can be done with the simplest of instrumentation. Although historical data may provide essential clues to the diagnosis, ready visualization of almost all parts of the eye means nothing can replace a complete examination. Indeed, never were the famous words “more is missed through not seeing than not knowing” more apt. Fortunately, a thorough and revealing ophthalmic examination in all species is readily performed with just 4 guidelines, 4 skills, and equipment that is almost certainly already in your clinic